Pasteurization means

Options

A. Vaccination for a baby against small pox
B. Sterilization in steam cooker at `100^(@)`C for 10 mintues
C. Heating milk or other liquids to `60^(@)`C to `70^(@)`C for short duration
D. A technique of curing people bitten by mad dogs.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Pasteurization**: Pasteurization is a heat treatment process used to kill harmful microorganisms in food and beverages, particularly in milk.

2. **Identifying the Correct Temperature and Duration**: The process typically involves heating the liquid (like milk) to a temperature between 60°C to 70°C for a short duration. The most common method is heating to about 71.7°C for approximately 15 seconds.

3. **Purpose of Pasteurization**: The main goal of pasteurization is to eliminate pathogens that can cause diseases without significantly affecting the taste or nutritional value of the food.

4. **Differentiating from Other Processes**: It is important to distinguish pasteurization from other processes like sterilization and disinfection. For example, sterilization involves higher temperatures (around 121°C) for a longer time, while disinfection may involve boiling at 100°C for a set duration.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions and processes discussed, the correct answer to the question "Pasteurization means" is the option that describes heating milk or other liquids at 60°C to 70°C for a short duration.

**Final Answer**: Pasteurization means heating milk or other liquids at 60 degrees to 70 degrees Celsius for a short duration.

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