Which is not a method of genetic recombi-nation in bacteria?

Options

A. Transformation
B. Transduction
C. Translation
D. Conjugation.

Answer

To determine which option is not a method of genetic recombination in bacteria, we can analyze each of the provided options step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Concept of Genetic Recombination in Bacteria**:
- Genetic recombination in bacteria involves the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells, leading to genetic diversity.

2. **Identify the Options**:
- The options given are:
- a) Transformation
- b) Transduction
- c) Translation
- d) Conjugation

3. **Analyze Each Option**:
- **Transformation**: This is a method where bacteria take up free DNA from their environment. It is a recognized method of genetic recombination.
- **Transduction**: This process involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another via a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria). It is also a recognized method of genetic recombination.
- **Conjugation**: This method involves direct physical contact between two bacterial cells, allowing for the transfer of genetic material. It is another recognized method of genetic recombination.
- **Translation**: This is the process of protein synthesis where ribosomes synthesize proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA). It does not involve the transfer of genetic material and is not a method of genetic recombination.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since transformation, transduction, and conjugation are all methods of genetic recombination in bacteria, and translation is not, the correct answer to the question is **Translation**.

### Final Answer:
**Translation is not a method of genetic recombination in bacteria.**

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