Bacteria obtaining energy from oxidation of inorganic substances are called

Options

A. Chemolithotrophs
B. Chemoautotrophs
C. Photolithotrophs
D. Photo- organotrophs.

Answer

To answer the question "Bacteria obtaining energy from oxidation of inorganic substances are called," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Types of Bacteria**: Bacteria can be classified based on their nutritional modes into autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria. Autotrophic bacteria synthesize their own food.

2. **Identify Autotrophic Bacteria Types**: Among autotrophic bacteria, there are two primary types:
- **Photoautotrophs**: These bacteria use light energy to synthesize their food.
- **Chemoautotrophs**: These bacteria obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances.

3. **Focus on Chemoautotrophs**: The question specifically asks about bacteria that obtain energy from inorganic substances. This leads us to the category of chemoautotrophs.

4. **Examples of Chemoautotrophic Bacteria**:
- **Nitrifying Bacteria**: These bacteria oxidize ammonium ions (NH4+) to nitrites and then to nitrates.
- **Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria**: These bacteria oxidize iron compounds.
- **Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria**: These bacteria oxidize sulfur compounds.

5. **Conclusion**: The bacteria that obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic substances are called **chemoautotrophs**.

### Final Answer:
Bacteria obtaining energy from oxidation of inorganic substances are called **chemoautotrophs**.

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