F- factor is related to

Options

A. Plasmid
B. Cosmid
C. Golgi body
D. Cell wall.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the F Factor**: The F factor, where "F" stands for fertility, refers to a specific type of plasmid known as the fertility plasmid (F plasmid) found in bacteria.

2. **Characteristics of Plasmids**: Plasmids are small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that are distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. They are capable of replicating independently within the bacterial cell.

3. **Role of F Plasmid**: The F plasmid carries genes that enable the bacterium to undergo conjugation, a process of genetic exchange between bacteria. Bacteria containing the F plasmid are termed F-positive (F+), while those without it are F-negative (F-).

4. **Conjugation Process**: During conjugation, the F-positive bacterium forms a structure called a pilus (or pilli) that connects to the F-negative bacterium. This pilus facilitates the transfer of genetic material from the donor (F+) to the recipient (F-).

5. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Given the options provided, the F factor is directly related to plasmids. Other options such as cosmid, Golgi body, and cell wall do not pertain to the F factor.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question "F-factor is related to" is **plasmid**.