Which of the following affect proteins and nucleic acids but not viruses

Options

A. Pressure
B. Enzyme treatment
C. Deneturation
D. All the above

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following affect proteins and nucleic acids but not viruses," we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Question
We need to identify factors that can affect proteins and nucleic acids but do not impact viruses.

### Step 2: Analyze the Options
While the specific options are not provided in the question, we can infer that the options likely include factors such as pressure, enzymes, and denaturation.

### Step 3: Evaluate Each Factor
1. **Denaturation**: This process involves the alteration of the structure of proteins, which can affect their function. Denaturation can also impact nucleic acids by disrupting their structure.

2. **Enzymes**: Enzymes can catalyze reactions that modify proteins and nucleic acids. They can break down proteins (proteolytic enzymes) and nucleic acids (nucleases), but they do not affect viruses directly since viruses are protected by their outer protein coat.

3. **Pressure**: High pressure can denature proteins and disrupt nucleic acids. However, viruses are generally resistant to pressure due to their stable structure.

### Step 4: Conclusion
All three factors (denaturation, enzymes, and pressure) can affect proteins and nucleic acids but do not affect viruses. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of the above options affect proteins and nucleic acids but not viruses.

### Final Answer
The correct option is D. All of the above.

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