On which of the following, five kingdom classification is based

Options

A. Cell wall
B. Genetic material
C. Types of organelles
D. Mode of nutrition.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks on which criteria the five kingdom classification is based. The options provided include cell wall, genetic material, type of organelle, and mode of nutrition.

2. **Historical Context**: Initially, organisms were classified into two kingdoms (Plantae and Animalia) by Linnaeus based on morphological characteristics. However, this classification was limited.

3. **Five Kingdom Classification**: R.H. Whittaker proposed the five kingdom classification system. This system expanded the classification to include Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

4. **Criteria for Classification**: The five kingdom classification is based on several criteria:
- Mode of nutrition (how organisms obtain their food)
- Phylogenetic relationships (evolutionary relationships)
- Body organization (cellular organization)
- Cell structure (presence of cell walls, prokaryotic vs. eukaryotic)

5. **Analyzing the Options**:
- Option 1: Cell wall - While this is important, it is not the primary basis for classification in the five kingdom system.
- Option 2: Genetic material - This is also relevant but not a primary criterion in Whittaker's classification.
- Option 3: Type of organelle - This is not a direct criterion for the five kingdom classification.
- Option 4: Mode of nutrition - This is a key criterion used in the five kingdom classification.

6. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is option 4, which is "mode of nutrition," as it is one of the primary criteria used in the five kingdom classification proposed by R.H. Whittaker.

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