The fundamental and mathematical basis are an aid to the classification of organisms called

Options

A. Taximetrics
B. Numerical taxonomy
C. Palynology
D. Taximetrics and numerical taxonomy.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the aid to the classification of organisms that is based on fundamental and mathematical principles, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify Key Terms**: The question mentions "fundamental and mathematical basis" for classification. This suggests that we are looking for a method that uses numerical and mathematical approaches.

2. **Understand the Options**:
- **Taximetrics**: This refers to grouping organisms based on overall similarity, often using morphological characteristics.
- **Numerical Taxonomy**: This is a classification system that uses numerical methods to group organisms based on their character states, employing algorithms like cluster analysis.
- **Palynology**: This is the study of pollen, spores, and microscopic organisms, which does not primarily focus on classification.
- **Taximetrics** (repeated): Same as the first option.

3. **Analyze Numerical Taxonomy**: Numerical taxonomy is specifically designed to provide a mathematical and systematic approach to classification, using numerical algorithms to assess similarities and differences among organisms.

4. **Eliminate Incorrect Options**:
- Taximetrics focuses on morphology rather than a mathematical basis.
- Palynology does not pertain to classification in the same way as numerical taxonomy.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **Numerical Taxonomy**, as it aligns with the description of using fundamental and mathematical principles for classification.

### Final Answer:
The fundamental and mathematical basis that aids in the classification of organisms is called **Numerical Taxonomy**.

---