What do you understand by bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons? Illustrate by giving one example of each type.

Explanation

To understand bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons, let's break down the concepts step by step:

### Step 1: Definition of Bond Pairs
- **Bond Pairs**: Bond pairs of electrons are pairs of electrons that are shared between two atoms to form a covalent bond. When two atoms share one electron each, they create a bond pair.

### Step 2: Example of Bond Pairs
- **Example**: In the molecule methane (CH₄), there are four bond pairs. Each hydrogen atom shares one electron with the carbon atom, leading to the formation of four covalent bonds. Thus, in CH₄, we have:
- **Bond Pairs**: 4 (one for each C-H bond)
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