Which of the following are iso-electronic as well as is structural ?
`NO_(3)^(-),CO_(3)^(2-),ClO_(3)^(-),SO_(3)`

Options

A. `NO_(3)^(-),CO_(2)^(2-)`
B. `SO_(3),NO_(3)^(-)`
C. `ClO_(3)^(-),CO_(3)^(2-)`
D. `CO_(3)^(2-),SO_(3)`

Explanation

To determine which of the given species are isoelectronic and isostructural, we will analyze each species step by step.

### Step 1: Determine the total number of valence electrons for each species.

1. **NO₃⁻ (Nitrate ion)**:
- Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons.
- Each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and there are 3 Oxygens.
- The negative charge adds 1 electron.
- Total = 5 + (3 × 6) + 1 = 5 + 18 + 1 = 24 electrons.

2. **CO₃²⁻ (Carbonate ion)**:
- Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons.
- Each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and there are 3 Oxygens.
- The 2 negative charges add 2 electrons.
- Total = 4 + (3 × 6) + 2 = 4 + 18 + 2 = 24 electrons.

3. **ClO₃⁻ (Chlorate ion)**:
- Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons.
- Each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and there are 3 Oxygens.
- The negative charge adds 1 electron.
- Total = 7 + (3 × 6) + 1 = 7 + 18 + 1 = 26 electrons.

4. **SO₃ (Sulfur trioxide)**:
- Sulfur (S) has 6 valence electrons.
- Each Oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and there are 3 Oxygens.
- Total = 6 + (3 × 6) = 6 + 18 = 24 electrons.

### Step 2: Identify isoelectronic species.
- Isoelectronic species have the same number of electrons.
- From our calculations:
- NO₃⁻: 24 electrons
- CO₃²⁻: 24 electrons
- ClO₃⁻: 26 electrons
- SO₃: 24 electrons

The isoelectronic species are:
- NO₃⁻, CO₃²⁻, and SO₃ (all have 24 electrons).

### Step 3: Determine the molecular structure of each species.
- **NO₃⁻**: The structure is trigonal planar (sp² hybridization).
- **CO₃²⁻**: The structure is also trigonal planar (sp² hybridization).
- **ClO₃⁻**: The structure is pyramidal (sp³ hybridization).
- **SO₃**: The structure is trigonal planar (sp² hybridization).

### Step 4: Conclusion
- The species that are both isoelectronic and isostructural are **NO₃⁻ and CO₃²⁻**.
- SO₃ is isoelectronic with NO₃⁻ and CO₃²⁻, but it is not isostructural due to its different hybridization and molecular shape.
- ClO₃⁻ is neither isoelectronic nor isostructural with the others.

### Final Answer:
**NO₃⁻ and CO₃²⁻ are isoelectronic and isostructural.**

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