An organic compound gave the following results on analysis, 0.2496 g of the compound gave 0.3168 g of `CO_(2)` and 0.0864 g of `H_(2)O`. Calculate the percentage of carbo and hydrogen in the compound.

Explanation

To calculate the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in the organic compound, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Calculate the mass of carbon from CO₂
The mass of carbon in the compound can be calculated using the mass of CO₂ produced. The molar mass of CO₂ is 44 g/mol, and the molar mass of carbon (C) is 12 g/mol.

Using the formula:
\[ \text{Mass of Carbon} = \left(\frac{\text{Molar mass of Carbon}}{\text{Molar mass of CO₂}}\right) \times \text{Mass of CO₂} \]
Substituting the values:
\[ \text{Mass of Carbon} = \left(\frac{12}{44}\right) \times 0.3168 \, \text{g} = 0.0864 \, \text{g} \]

### Step 2: Calculate the percentage of carbon
Now, we can calculate the percentage of carbon in the organic compound using the formula:
\[ \text{Percentage of Carbon} = \left(\frac{\text{Mass of Carbon}}{\text{Mass of Organic Compound}}\right) \times 100 \]
Substituting the values:
\[ \text{Percentage of Carbon} = \left(\frac{0.0864}{0.2496}\right) \times 100 \approx 34.56\% \]

### Step 3: Calculate the mass of hydrogen from H₂O
Next, we calculate the mass of hydrogen in the compound using the mass of water produced. The molar mass of water (H₂O) is 18 g/mol, and the molar mass of hydrogen (H) is 1 g/mol.

Using the formula:
\[ \text{Mass of Hydrogen} = \left(\frac{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of H₂O}}\right) \times \text{Mass of H₂O} \]
Substituting the values:
\[ \text{Mass of Hydrogen} = \left(\frac{2}{18}\right) \times 0.0864 \, \text{g} = 0.0096 \, \text{g} \]

### Step 4: Calculate the percentage of hydrogen
Now, we can calculate the percentage of hydrogen in the organic compound using the formula:
\[ \text{Percentage of Hydrogen} = \left(\frac{\text{Mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Mass of Organic Compound}}\right) \times 100 \]
Substituting the values:
\[ \text{Percentage of Hydrogen} = \left(\frac{0.0096}{0.2496}\right) \times 100 \approx 3.84\% \]

### Final Results
- Percentage of Carbon: **34.56%**
- Percentage of Hydrogen: **3.84%**

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