Aniline is separated from a liquid mixture containing non-volatile impurity by :

Options

A. fractional crystallisation
B. fractional distillation
C. vacuum distillation
D. steam distillation

Answer

To separate aniline from a liquid mixture containing a non-volatile impurity, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Components**:
- Aniline is a volatile organic compound, while the impurity is non-volatile. This means that the impurity does not evaporate at the same temperature as aniline.

**Hint**: Identify the properties of the components in the mixture (volatile vs. non-volatile).

2. **Choosing the Separation Method**:
- Since aniline is volatile and the impurity is non-volatile, we can use a method that takes advantage of the difference in volatility.

**Hint**: Consider methods that utilize the volatility of the components for separation.

3. **Applying Steam Distillation**:
- Steam distillation is a technique used to separate volatile compounds from non-volatile impurities. In this process, steam is introduced into the mixture, which helps to vaporize the aniline while leaving the non-volatile impurity behind.

**Hint**: Recall that steam distillation is effective for separating volatile substances from non-volatile ones.

4. **Collecting the Distillate**:
- The vaporized aniline can then be condensed back into a liquid form and collected, effectively separating it from the non-volatile impurity.

**Hint**: Remember that the collection of the distillate is crucial for obtaining the pure compound.

5. **Final Confirmation**:
- After the distillation process, you can confirm the purity of the aniline by checking its boiling point or using other analytical techniques.

**Hint**: Always verify the purity of the separated compound through appropriate methods.

### Conclusion:
The correct method to separate aniline from a liquid mixture containing a non-volatile impurity is **steam distillation**.

**Final Answer**: Steam distillation is the method used for separation.