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Nitration is an example of aromatic elec...

Nitration is an example of aromatic electrophilic substitution and its rate depends upon the group already present in the benzene ring. Out of benzene and phenol, which one is more easily nitrated and why ?

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The phenolic (-OH) group present on the ring activates the ring towards electrophilic substituation. Therefore , nitration of phenol which is electrophilic substituation in nature porceeds at a faster rate than in benzene where no such acitvating group is present. For details consult section 16
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