How will you distinguish between propanal and propanone?

Explanation

To distinguish between propanal (an aldehyde) and propanone (a ketone), we can use two specific tests: the Tollens' test and the haloform test. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step 1: Perform the Tollens' Test
- **Procedure**: Prepare Tollens' reagent by mixing silver nitrate (AgNO₃) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form a precipitate of silver oxide (Ag₂O). Then, add ammonia (NH₃) to dissolve the precipitate, forming the Tollens' reagent. Take a small sample of propanal and propanone in separate test tubes and add the Tollens' reagent to each.
- **Observation**:
- If you observe a silver mirror forming on the walls of the test tube, this indicates the presence of an aldehyde (propanal).
- If no silver mirror forms, this indicates the presence of a ketone (propanone).

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