Give structural formula of 2-bromopropanoic acid.

Explanation

To derive the structural formula of 2-bromopropanoic acid, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the basic structure
2-bromopropanoic acid is derived from propanoic acid, which has a three-carbon chain. The "prop" prefix indicates that there are three carbon atoms in the chain.

### Step 2: Draw the carbon chain
We start by drawing a straight chain of three carbon atoms:

```
C - C - C
```

### Step 3: Identify the carboxylic acid group
Since it is a carboxylic acid, we need to add a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) to the first carbon. The structure now looks like this:

```
O
||
C - C - C
|
OH
```

### Step 4: Add the bromine substituent
The name "2-bromopropanoic acid" indicates that there is a bromine (Br) substituent on the second carbon. We will add a bromine atom to the second carbon:

```
O
||
C - C - C
| |
OH Br
```

### Step 5: Complete the hydrogen atoms
Now we need to add hydrogen atoms to each carbon to satisfy the tetravalency of carbon. The first carbon already has one bond with the carboxylic acid group and will have one hydrogen atom. The second carbon has one bond with the bromine and one bond with the first carbon, so it will have two hydrogen atoms. The third carbon will have three hydrogen atoms. The final structure will look like this:

```
O
||
H - C - C - C
| | |
OH Br H
```

### Final Structural Formula
The structural formula of 2-bromopropanoic acid can be represented as:

```
O
||
H - C - C(Br) - C
| | |
OH H H
```