Home
Class 11
CHEMISTRY
Which of the following has smallest size...

Which of the following has smallest size ?

A

`Al^(3+)`

B

`Al^(2+)`

C

`Al^(+)`

D

Al

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine which of the following species has the smallest size, we need to analyze the ionic forms of aluminum and their electron configurations. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution: ### Step 1: Identify the Neutral Atom We start with the neutral aluminum atom (Al). Aluminum has an atomic number of 13, which means it has 13 protons and, in its neutral state, also 13 electrons. ### Step 2: Understand Ionization When aluminum loses electrons, it forms cations. The process of ionization involves removing electrons from the outermost shell. The more electrons removed, the more positively charged the ion becomes. ### Step 3: Forming Cations - **Al (neutral)**: 13 electrons - **Al⁺ (loses 1 electron)**: 12 electrons - **Al²⁺ (loses 2 electrons)**: 11 electrons - **Al³⁺ (loses 3 electrons)**: 10 electrons ### Step 4: Analyze Effective Nuclear Charge As electrons are removed, the effective nuclear charge (the net positive charge experienced by electrons) increases because there are fewer electrons to shield the nucleus. This means that the nucleus can attract the remaining electrons more strongly. ### Step 5: Compare Sizes - **Al**: 13 electrons, larger size due to electron-electron repulsion. - **Al⁺**: Smaller than Al, as it has 12 electrons. - **Al²⁺**: Smaller than Al⁺, as it has 11 electrons. - **Al³⁺**: The smallest, with only 10 electrons. ### Conclusion Among the given species, Al³⁺ has the smallest size because it has the least number of electrons, resulting in a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the remaining electrons. ### Final Answer The species with the smallest size is **Al³⁺**. ---

To determine which of the following species has the smallest size, we need to analyze the ionic forms of aluminum and their electron configurations. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution: ### Step 1: Identify the Neutral Atom We start with the neutral aluminum atom (Al). Aluminum has an atomic number of 13, which means it has 13 protons and, in its neutral state, also 13 electrons. ### Step 2: Understand Ionization When aluminum loses electrons, it forms cations. The process of ionization involves removing electrons from the outermost shell. The more electrons removed, the more positively charged the ion becomes. ...
Promotional Banner

Similar Questions

Explore conceptually related problems

Which of the following has the smallest size ?

Which of the following has largest size ?

Which of the following has largest size ?

Which of the following has smallest radius?

Which of the following has smallest of soil particles?

Which of the following is smallest unit?

Which of the following has the smallest heat of hydrogenation per mole ?

For a given kinetic energy, which of the following has the smallest de Broglie wavelength : electron, proton and alpha-particle ?

Which of the following is the smallest in size?

Which one of the following is smallest in size?