conversion of blastula into gastrula is

Options

A. Cleavage
B. Morphogenesis
C. Differentiation
D. Reproduction

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of blastula into gastrula, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Terms**:
- A **blastula** is an early stage of embryonic development that consists of a hollow sphere of cells.
- A **gastrula** is the stage that follows the blastula, characterized by the formation of germ layers.

2. **Identifying the Process**:
- The conversion from blastula to gastrula involves the movement of cells. This process is crucial as it leads to the formation of the germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm in triploblastic animals).

3. **Recognizing the Options**:
- The options provided are:
- Cleavage
- Morphogenesis
- Differentiation
- Reproduction

4. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Cleavage** refers to the series of rapid cell divisions that occur after fertilization, leading to the formation of the blastula. It does not describe the transition to gastrula.
- **Morphogenesis** is the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape and involves the movement and organization of cells, which is what happens during the formation of the gastrula.
- **Differentiation** refers to the process by which cells become specialized in structure and function, which occurs after the formation of the germ layers.
- **Reproduction** is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced, which is not directly related to the conversion of blastula to gastrula.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Since the process of converting a blastula into a gastrula involves the movement and organization of cells to form germ layers, the correct answer is **morphogenesis**.

### Final Answer:
The conversion of blastula into gastrula is **morphogenesis**.