Stomata do not occur in
(a) Algae
(b) Liverworts
(c) Mosses
(d) Ferns

Options

A. Algae
B. Liverworts
C. Mossess
D. Ferns.

Answer

To solve the question of where stomata do not occur, we need to analyze each option provided:

1. **Understanding Stomata**: Stomata are small openings on the surfaces of leaves and stems that allow for gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) and transpiration (water loss). They are surrounded by guard cells that regulate their opening and closing.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **(a) Algae**: Algae are primarily aquatic organisms that live submerged in water. They do not have stomata because they rely on diffusion for gas exchange directly through their surface. Since they are surrounded by water, they do not require specialized structures like stomata for gas exchange.

- **(b) Liverworts**: Liverworts are non-vascular plants that do have stomata. They are part of the bryophytes group and have adapted to terrestrial life, where stomata help in gas exchange.

- **(c) Mosses**: Like liverworts, mosses are also bryophytes and possess stomata. They utilize stomata for gas exchange as they are adapted to live in moist environments.

- **(d) Ferns**: Ferns are vascular plants and they also have stomata. They are more advanced than mosses and liverworts and have developed stomata for efficient gas exchange.

3. **Conclusion**: Based on the analysis, stomata do not occur in **(a) Algae**. The other options (liverworts, mosses, and ferns) all possess stomata.

**Final Answer**: (a) Algae

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