Which one is found over fern leaves?
(a) Indusium
(b) Spathe
(c) Ramenta
(d) Frond

Options

A. Indusium
B. Spathe
C. Ramenta
D. Frond.

Answer

To solve the question "Which one is found over fern leaves?" we need to analyze each of the given options:

1. **Indusium**:
- Indusium is a protective covering that can be found over the sporangia in ferns, but it is not a structure that is found over the fern leaves themselves. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

2. **Spathe**:
- A spathe is a type of bract or leaf that surrounds a flower cluster (inflorescence). It is not associated with ferns and does not appear over fern leaves. Thus, this option is also incorrect.

3. **Ramenta**:
- Ramenta are small, brownish scales that are indeed found on the surface of fern leaves. They are a characteristic feature of many ferns, serving various functions including protection. This makes this option the correct answer.

4. **Frond**:
- A frond refers to the entire leaf structure of a fern. While fronds are the main photosynthetic organs of ferns, they are not a structure that is found "over" the leaves. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

Based on the analysis, the correct answer is:
**(c) Ramenta**