Identify the set of characteristic related to plants belonging to family Fabaceae from the following

Options

A. Actinomorphic flower, syncarpous ovary and marginal placentation
B. Persistent calyx, epipetalous stamens and leguminous fruit
C. Papilionaceous corolla, axile placentation and leguminous fruit
D. Vexillary aestivation of corolla, diadelphous stamens and monocarpellary unilocular ovary.

Answer

To identify the set of characteristics related to plants belonging to the family Fabaceae, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Family**:
- The Fabaceae family is also known as the legume family or pea family. It includes a variety of plants such as beans, peas, and lentils.

2. **Identify Flower Characteristics**:
- Flowers in the Fabaceae family are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical), not actinomorphic (radially symmetrical). This means that the first option mentioning actinomorphic flowers is incorrect.

3. **Examine Ovary Structure**:
- The ovary in Fabaceae is usually unilocular (having one chamber) and monocarpillary (composed of a single carpel). Therefore, any option suggesting otherwise is incorrect.

4. **Check Placenta Type**:
- The placentation in Fabaceae is marginal, which means the ovules are attached along the margin of the ovary. The mention of exile placentation in one of the options is incorrect.

5. **Analyze Stamen Arrangement**:
- The stamen arrangement in Fabaceae is often described as diadelphous, where there are 10 stamens arranged in a 9+1 configuration (9 fused together and one separate). This characteristic is essential for identification.

6. **Corolla Type**:
- The corolla in Fabaceae exhibits a unique structure known as papilionaceous, which resembles a butterfly. However, if an option mentions this incorrectly, it should be disregarded.

7. **Final Evaluation**:
- After evaluating all the characteristics, the correct set of features for the Fabaceae family includes:
- Vexillary estivation of the corolla
- Diadelphous stamens
- Monocarpillary structure
- Unilocular ovary

8. **Conclusion**:
- The correct option that matches all these characteristics is the last one, which includes vexillary estivation, diadelphous stamens, monocarpillary ovary, and unilocular ovary.

### Final Answer:
The correct option is option number 4.

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