Respiratory formation of ATP during the reactions 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid `rarr` 3-phosphoglyceric acid and phosphenol pyruvate `rarr` Pyruvates is

Options

A. Oxidative phosphorylation
B. Substrate level phosphorylation
C. Respiratory phosphorylation
D. Chemical phosphorylation

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reactions**: The question involves two specific reactions in glycolysis:
- The conversion of 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphoglyceric acid.
- The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate.

2. **Identifying ATP Formation**: In these reactions, ATP is formed through a process known as substrate-level phosphorylation. This is a direct way of generating ATP during metabolic processes.

3. **First Reaction**:
- In the first reaction, 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid (1,3-DPG) donates a phosphate group to ADP (adenosine diphosphate).
- This transfer of a phosphate group results in the formation of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and 3-phosphoglyceric acid.

4. **Second Reaction**:
- In the second reaction, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) also donates a phosphate group to ADP.
- This again results in the formation of ATP and pyruvate.

5. **Conclusion**: Both reactions involve the transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP, leading to the formation of ATP. Therefore, the process occurring in these reactions is termed substrate-level phosphorylation.

### Final Answer:
The respiratory formation of ATP during the reactions of 1,3-diphosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphoglyceric acid and phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate is known as **substrate-level phosphorylation**.

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