Conversion of sugar into alcohol during fermentation is due

Options

A. Temperature
B. Concentration of sugar
C. Zymase
D. Microorganisms.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Fermentation**: Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen. The most common type of fermentation is alcoholic fermentation, where sugars are converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide.

2. **Identifying the Key Player**: In alcoholic fermentation, yeast is the primary microorganism responsible for the conversion of sugar into alcohol. Yeast cells contain specific enzymes that facilitate this process.

3. **Role of Enzymes**: Among the enzymes present in yeast, zymase is crucial for the fermentation process. Zymase acts on glucose (a type of sugar) and catalyzes its conversion into ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide.

4. **Analyzing the Options**: The question provides several options:
- Temperature: While temperature can affect the rate of fermentation, it is not the direct cause of the conversion of sugar into alcohol.
- Concentration of sugar: The concentration of sugar influences the yield of alcohol but does not directly cause the conversion.
- Zymase: This is the enzyme that directly facilitates the conversion of sugar into alcohol during fermentation.
- Microorganisms: While yeast (a microorganism) is involved, the question does not specify which microorganism, making this option less precise.

5. **Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question is that the conversion of sugar into alcohol during fermentation is due to zymase, the enzyme present in yeast.

**Final Answer**: Zymase (Option 3).

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