ATP synthesis proposed by Peter Mithchell is

Options

A. Phosphorylation
B. Photophosphorylation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation
D. Chemiosmotic synthesis.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the type of ATP synthesis proposed by Peter Mitchell. We need to identify the correct term among the options given: phosphorylation, photophosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, or chemiosmotic synthesis.

2. **Identifying the Correct Term**: Peter Mitchell proposed the theory of ATP synthesis known as "chemiosmotic synthesis." This is the correct answer.

3. **Brief Explanation of Chemiosmotic Synthesis**:
- Chemiosmotic synthesis explains how ATP is produced during cellular respiration.
- It involves the formation of a proton gradient (H⁺ ions) across the inner mitochondrial membrane during the electron transport chain.
- This gradient is crucial because it creates potential energy.

4. **Role of ATP Synthase**:
- The enzyme ATP synthase is activated by the proton gradient.
- As protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase, energy is released.
- This energy is used to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into ATP.

5. **Conclusion**: The theory proposed by Peter Mitchell is known as chemiosmotic synthesis, which describes the process of ATP formation in mitochondria.

**Final Answer**: The ATP synthesis proposed by Peter Mitchell is chemiosmotic synthesis.

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