Assertion: Photomodulation of flowering is phytochrome-regulated process.
Reason: Active form of phytochrome (Pfr) directly induces floral induction in shoot buds.

Options

A. Point out if both are true with reason being correct explanation
B. both are true but reason is not correct explanation
C. assertion is true but reason is wrong
D. and both are wrong

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Assertion**: The assertion states that "Photomodulation of flowering is a phytochrome-regulated process." This means that the process by which plants regulate their flowering in response to light conditions is controlled by phytochrome, a type of photoreceptor.

2. **Defining Photoperiodism**: Photomodulation of flowering is also known as photoperiodism. It refers to how plants respond to the lengths of light and dark periods in their environment. This can influence their growth and flowering patterns.

3. **Categories of Plants**: According to photoperiodism, plants can be categorized into three groups:
- Short-day plants: Flower when the light period is shorter than a critical length.
- Long-day plants: Flower when the light period is longer than a critical length.
- Neutral-day plants: Flower regardless of the light period.

4. **Role of Phytochrome**: Phytochrome exists in two forms:
- Pr (inactive form) which absorbs red light.
- Pfr (active form) which absorbs far-red light.
During the day, Pr is converted to Pfr, and at night, Pfr gradually reverts back to Pr. This conversion is crucial for the photoperiodic response.

5. **Evaluating the Reason**: The reason states that "Active form of phytochrome (Pfr) directly induces floral induction in shoot buds." While it is true that Pfr is involved in flowering, it primarily induces flowering in short-day plants. In long-day plants, the mechanism is more complex and does not solely rely on Pfr for floral induction.

6. **Conclusion**: The assertion is true because photomodulation of flowering is indeed regulated by phytochrome. However, the reason is incorrect as it oversimplifies the role of Pfr in floral induction across different plant types. Therefore, the correct answer is that the assertion is true, but the reason is false.

### Final Answer:
- Assertion: True
- Reason: False