Vernalisation is carried out in plants growing in

Options

A. Tropical areas
B. Subtropical area
C. Temperate areas
D. Hot/arctic areas.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Vernalization**:
- Vernalization is the process by which flowering in certain plants is induced by exposure to prolonged cold temperatures. This process is essential for the completion of their life cycle and is particularly important for plants that require a period of cold to trigger flowering.

2. **Identifying the Suitable Habitat**:
- To determine where vernalization is carried out, we need to analyze the different climatic zones mentioned in the options: tropical, subtropical, temperate, hot, and arctic areas.

3. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Tropical Areas**: These regions are generally warm throughout the year. Although they may experience cooler temperatures during winter, they do not have a prolonged cold period necessary for vernalization. Thus, vernalization is not typically required here.
- **Subtropical Areas**: Similar to tropical areas, subtropical regions may have some variation in temperature but do not consistently provide the cold conditions required for vernalization.
- **Temperate Areas**: These areas experience moderate temperatures with distinct seasons, including cold winters. The cold period in temperate regions is essential for many plants to undergo vernalization, making this the correct option.
- **Hot Areas**: These regions are characterized by high temperatures, and while they may have cooler winters, they do not provide the necessary prolonged cold exposure for vernalization.
- **Arctic Areas**: Although these areas are cold, the plants that grow here have adapted to the cold conditions and do not require vernalization as they are already in a cold environment.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **temperate areas**, as these regions provide the necessary cold treatment that induces flowering in certain plants through the process of vernalization.

### Final Answer:
**Vernalization is carried out in plants growing in temperate areas.**

---