Which ones influence the activity of kidneys

Options

A. Vasopressin
B. Thyroxine
C. Vasopressin and aldosterone
D. Gonadotrophin

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks which hormones influence the activity of the kidneys. This involves knowing the role of specific hormones in kidney function.

2. **Identifying the Options:**
The options provided are:
- 1st: Vasopressin
- 2nd: Thyroxine
- 3rd: Vasopressin and Aldosterone
- 4th: Gonadotropin

3. **Analyzing Each Option:**
- **Vasopressin (ADH):** This hormone, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is crucial for kidney function. It acts on the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting ducts of the nephron, promoting water reabsorption back into the bloodstream. This decreases urine output and helps maintain body fluid balance.
- **Thyroxine:** This is a thyroid hormone that primarily regulates metabolism and does not directly influence kidney activity. Therefore, it can be ruled out.
- **Vasopressin and Aldosterone:** Aldosterone is another hormone that influences kidney function. It promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidneys while facilitating the excretion of potassium ions. This regulation of sodium and potassium levels is vital for maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance.
- **Gonadotropin:** This hormone is involved in reproductive functions and does not have a direct effect on kidney activity.

4. **Conclusion:**
Based on the analysis, the hormones that influence kidney activity are Vasopressin (ADH) and Aldosterone. Therefore, the correct answer is option 3: Vasopressin and Aldosterone.

**Final Answer:**
The hormones that influence the activity of kidneys are Vasopressin and Aldosterone.

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