Mendel's law of heredity can be explained with the help of

Options

A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Cloning
D. Both A and B

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Mendel's Laws of Heredity**: Mendel's laws include the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment. These laws describe how traits are inherited from parents to offspring.

2. **Identifying the Process**: Among the options provided (mitosis, meiosis, cloning, both A and B), we need to identify which process best explains Mendel's laws.

3. **Explaining Meiosis**:
- Meiosis is known as reductional division because it reduces the chromosome number by half in the daughter cells compared to the parent cell.
- It occurs in the formation of gametes (sex cells), which is crucial for sexual reproduction.

4. **Application of Mendel's Laws**:
- During meiosis, the Law of Independent Assortment is applicable. This means that alleles for different traits segregate independently of one another.
- The Law of Segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate so that each gamete carries only one allele for each trait.

5. **Dominance in Traits**:
- The expression of phenotypes is influenced by the Law of Dominance, where dominant traits are expressed in both homozygous (AA) and heterozygous (Aa) conditions, while recessive traits are expressed only in homozygous conditions (aa).

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the explanation, the process that best explains Mendel's laws of heredity is meiosis. Therefore, the correct answer is option number 2: meiosis.