Haemoglobins of normal and sickle cell patient are subjected to electrophoresis. They will show

Options

A. Same mobility
B. Different mobility
C. No mobility
D. Heamoglobin of patient does not move.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Electrophoresis**:
- Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate macromolecules, such as proteins or nucleic acids, based on their size and charge under the influence of an electric field.

2. **Identifying the Hemoglobins**:
- There are two types of hemoglobin to consider: normal hemoglobin (HbA) and sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS).
- Normal hemoglobin (HbA) is composed of two alpha and two beta chains, while sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) has a mutation in the beta chain.

3. **Analyzing the Mutation**:
- In normal hemoglobin, the sixth position of the beta chain contains the amino acid glutamate.
- In sickle cell hemoglobin, this sixth position is replaced by valine due to a point mutation in the DNA.

4. **Effect of the Mutation on Mobility**:
- The difference in amino acids (glutamate vs. valine) affects the charge and structure of the hemoglobin molecules.
- Glutamate is negatively charged, while valine is neutral. This difference in charge will influence how each type of hemoglobin moves in the electric field during electrophoresis.

5. **Conclusion on Electrophoresis Results**:
- When subjected to electrophoresis, normal hemoglobin (HbA) and sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) will migrate differently due to their distinct charges and structures.
- Therefore, they will not have the same mobility; HbA will move differently compared to HbS in the electric field.

### Final Answer:
Normal and sickle cell hemoglobins will show different mobilities when subjected to electrophoresis due to the difference in their amino acid composition.

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