Excessive supply of chemical fertilizers often causes wilting/death of crop plant due to

Options

A. Exosmosis
B. Endomosis
C. Imbibition
D. Turgidity.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Problem**: The question asks why excessive supply of chemical fertilizers leads to wilting or death of crop plants.

2. **Analyzing the Effect of Chemical Fertilizers**: Chemical fertilizers often contain high concentrations of salts and nutrients. When applied excessively, they create a hypertonic environment in the soil.

3. **Defining Hypertonic Environment**: A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes (like salts from fertilizers) compared to the inside of the plant cells. This means that the concentration of water outside the plant cells is lower than inside.

4. **Water Movement**: Due to osmosis, water moves from an area of lower solute concentration (inside the plant cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (outside the plant cell). This process is known as exoosmosis.

5. **Consequences of Water Loss**: As water leaves the plant cells, they lose turgor pressure, which is essential for maintaining cell structure and rigidity. This leads to wilting and can eventually cause the death of the plant if the condition persists.

6. **Identifying the Correct Answer**: Based on the explanation, the correct answer to the question is exoosmosis, as it describes the movement of water out of the plant cells due to the hypertonic environment created by excessive fertilizers.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **exoosmosis**.

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