Match the columns and identify the correct combination `{:(,I,,II),(a,"Mass flow hypothesis ",p,"J.C. Bose "),(b,"Relay pump theory",q,"Strasburger"),(c,"Transpiration pull theory",r,"Munch "),(d,"Pulsatile movemant theory ",s,"Godlewski "),(,"",t,"Dixon and Jolly"):}`

Options

A. (1) a - s, b - r, c - t, d - p
B. (2) a - s, b - r, c - , d - t
C. (3) a - r, b - s, c - p, d - t
D. (4) a - r, b - s, c - t, d - p

Answer

To solve the question of matching the columns regarding theories related to transport in plants, we will analyze each theory and its corresponding scientist step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Mass Flow Hypothesis**:
- This hypothesis explains the translocation of food from the source (where it is produced) to the sink (where it is utilized).
- It was proposed by **Ernest Munch**.
- Therefore, **A (Mass flow hypothesis)** matches with **R (Munch)**.

2. **Relay Pump Theory**:
- This theory describes how living cells contribute to the formation of the ascent of sap.
- It was proposed by **Godlewski**.
- Therefore, **B (Relay pump theory)** matches with **S (Godlewski)**.

3. **Transpiration Pull Theory**:
- This theory explains how transpiration (loss of water from leaves) creates a negative pressure that pulls water upward through the plant.
- It was proposed by **Dixon and Jolly**.
- Therefore, **C (Transpiration pull theory)** matches with **T (Dixon and Jolly)**.

4. **Pulsatile Movement Theory**:
- This theory suggests that the upward movement of water in plants is due to the metabolic activities of the plant.
- It was proposed by **J.C. Bose**.
- Therefore, **D (Pulsatile movement theory)** matches with **P (J.C. Bose)**.

### Summary of Matches:
- A → R (Munch)
- B → S (Godlewski)
- C → T (Dixon and Jolly)
- D → P (J.C. Bose)

### Correct Combination:
The correct combination of matches is:
- A → R
- B → S
- C → T
- D → P

### Conclusion:
The correct option that matches all these combinations is **Option 4**.

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