Which pathway involves cell wall and intercellular spaces?

Options

A. Vascular pathway
B. Protoplast pathway
C. Symplast pathway
D. Apoplast pathway

Answer

To determine which pathway involves the cell wall and intercellular spaces, we can analyze the different pathways of water movement in plants.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Pathways**:
- There are several pathways through which water can move in plants: vascular pathway, protoplast pathway, symplast pathway, and apoplast pathway.

2. **Identifying the Components**:
- The **apoplast pathway** refers specifically to the movement of water through the cell walls and the spaces between cells (intercellular spaces).
- The **symplast pathway** involves movement through the cytoplasm of the cells, connected by plasmodesmata (small channels that connect plant cells).
- The **vascular pathway** refers to the movement through the xylem vessels.
- The **protoplast pathway** is not a commonly used term in this context.

3. **Analyzing Water Movement**:
- Water is absorbed by the roots and root hairs, then moves through the epidermis and cortex.
- In the apoplast pathway, water travels through the cell walls and intercellular spaces without entering the cytoplasm of the cells.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Since the question specifically asks for the pathway that involves the cell wall and intercellular spaces, the correct answer is the **apoplast pathway**.

### Final Answer:
The pathway that involves cell wall and intercellular spaces is the **apoplast pathway**.