Which of the following is done during ringing experiment

Options

A. Bark is removed
B. Xylem is removed
C. Pith is removed
D. All the above

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Ringing Experiment**: The ringing experiment is a method used to study the transport of nutrients and water in plants. It involves removing a ring of bark from a tree trunk, which interrupts the flow of nutrients and water.

2. **Identifying the Purpose**: The main purpose of the ringing experiment is to observe the effects of disrupting the phloem and xylem tissues. The phloem is responsible for transporting nutrients, while the xylem transports water.

3. **Conducting the Experiment**:
- Select a healthy tree and make a circular cut around the trunk, removing a strip of bark (which contains the phloem) but leaving the xylem intact.
- Observe the tree over a period of time.

4. **Observing the Results**: After some time, the area above the ring will swell due to the accumulation of nutrients that cannot be transported downwards. The area below the ring will show signs of wilting or dying due to the lack of nutrients and water.

5. **Conclusion**: The ringing experiment demonstrates that the phloem is responsible for transporting organic nutrients, and when it is damaged, the plant cannot sustain itself properly.