Water potential of water is not affected by

Options

A. Concentration of dissolved substances
B. Gravitation
C. Capillarity
D. Atmospheric pressure .

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Water Potential**: Water potential is a measure of the potential energy of water in a system compared to pure water. It is affected by various factors, including solute concentration, pressure, and gravitational forces.

2. **Reference Point**: Pure water is the reference point for measuring water potential, which is defined to have a water potential of zero. Any solution with solutes will have a water potential that is either zero or negative.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Concentration of Dissolved Substances**: The presence of solutes in water decreases the water potential. The more solutes present, the more negative the water potential becomes. Therefore, this option affects water potential.

- **Gravitation**: The force of gravity affects water potential as it influences the pressure potential in a system. Thus, this option also affects water potential.

- **Atmospheric Pressure**: Similar to gravitation, atmospheric pressure can influence water potential by affecting the pressure potential in a solution. Hence, this option affects water potential as well.

- **Capillarity**: Capillarity refers to the ability of water to rise in narrow spaces due to surface tension. While it plays a role in the movement of water, it does not directly affect the water potential itself.

4. **Conclusion**: Among the given options, capillarity is the only factor that does not affect the water potential of water.

**Final Answer**: Water potential of water is not affected by capillarity.

---