Which of the following get accumlated in vacuoles of guard cells during stomatal openting

Options

A. Water, Ca and Mg
B. Malate, Na and K
C. Starch, K and Cl
D. Malate, K and Cl

Answer

To answer the question regarding which substances accumulate in the vacuoles of guard cells during stomatal opening, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Stomatal Opening**:
- Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange. The opening and closing of these stomata are regulated by guard cells.

2. **Role of Guard Cells**:
- Guard cells control the size of the stomatal pore. When guard cells take up water, they swell, which leads to the opening of the stomata.

3. **Mechanism of Water Absorption**:
- The absorption of water into guard cells occurs due to the accumulation of certain solutes (minerals) in their vacuoles. This accumulation increases the osmotic pressure inside the guard cells, causing water to enter by osmosis.

4. **Key Minerals Involved**:
- The primary minerals that accumulate in the vacuoles of guard cells during stomatal opening include potassium ions (K+), chloride ions (Cl-), and malate. These solutes help to maintain osmolarity and turgor pressure.

5. **Evaluating Options**:
- Based on the information about the accumulation of minerals:
- Option with potassium, chloride, and malate is correct.
- Other options may include incorrect substances like sodium or starch, which do not play a significant role in this process.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer to the question is the option that includes potassium, chloride, and malate, as these are the substances that accumulate in the vacuoles of guard cells during stomatal opening.

### Final Answer:
The substances that accumulate in the vacuoles of guard cells during stomatal opening are **potassium ions (K+), chloride ions (Cl-), and malate**.

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