Joints of hip and shoulder are

Options

A. Pivot joints
B. Ellipsoid joints
C. Hinge joints
D. Ball and socket joints.

Answer

To answer the question about the types of joints in the hip and shoulder, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Bones Involved in the Joints**:
- The hip joint is formed by the femur (thigh bone) and the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle.
- The shoulder joint is formed by the humerus (upper arm bone) and the glenoid cavity of the pectoral girdle.

2. **Understand the Structure of the Joints**:
- In the hip joint, the head of the femur fits into the cup-shaped acetabulum, allowing for a wide range of motion.
- In the shoulder joint, the head of the humerus fits into the shallow glenoid cavity, which also allows for extensive movement.

3. **Classify the Joints**:
- Both the hip and shoulder joints allow for rotational movement and movement in multiple directions.
- These characteristics are indicative of a specific type of joint known as a ball and socket joint.

4. **Eliminate Incorrect Options**:
- **Pivot Joint**: This type involves a rounded head fitting into a ring (e.g., in the wrist) and does not apply to the hip or shoulder.
- **Ellipsoid Joint**: This joint is characterized by an oval-shaped bone fitting into another oval-shaped bone (e.g., in the fingers), which does not describe the hip or shoulder joints.
- **Hinge Joint**: This joint allows movement in one direction (e.g., elbow or knee) and is not applicable to the hip or shoulder joints.

5. **Conclude the Correct Answer**:
- Since both the hip and shoulder joints are characterized by a ball-shaped head fitting into a cup-like socket, they are classified as **ball and socket joints**.

### Final Answer:
The joints of the hip and shoulder are **ball and socket joints**.

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