A flagellum beats

Options

A. Independently , undulatory and asymmetrically
B. Independently , undulatory and symmetrically
C. Coordinated, pendular and symmetric
D. Coordinal , pendular and asymmetric

Answer

To answer the question "A flagellum beats," we need to analyze the characteristics of flagella and how they function in cellular movement. Here’s a step-by-step solution:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Flagella**:
- Flagella are long, whip-like structures that protrude from the surface of certain cells. They are primarily used for locomotion.
- They can be found in various organisms, including bacteria, protozoans, and some fungi.

2. **Types of Movement**:
- The movement of flagella can be described in terms of its pattern and symmetry.
- Flagella can beat in different ways: they can move in a coordinated manner or independently.

3. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A**: Independently undulatory and asymmetrical.
- **Option B**: Independently undulatory and symmetrical.
- **Option C**: Coordinated, pendular and symmetrical.
- **Option D**: Coordinated, pendular and asymmetric.

4. **Identifying the Correct Characteristics**:
- Flagella typically exhibit an undulatory motion, meaning they move in a wave-like fashion.
- The motion can be symmetrical, where both sides of the flagellum beat in a coordinated manner, or asymmetrical, where one side may move differently than the other.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the characteristics of flagella, the correct answer is **Option B: independently undulatory and symmetrical**. This indicates that flagella can beat independently while maintaining a symmetrical motion pattern.