The term plastid was given by

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Term "Plastid":**
- Plastids are organelles found in plant cells that are involved in the synthesis and storage of food. They play a crucial role in photosynthesis and other metabolic processes.

2. **Historical Context:**
- The term "plastid" was introduced in the context of plant cell biology. It is important to know who first coined this term to understand its historical significance.

3. **Identifying the Scientist:**
- The question provides three options: Heckel, Strasburger, and Virtue Fleming. We need to identify which of these scientists is credited with the term "plastid."

4. **Researching Ernst Haeckel:**
- In 1866, Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist, was the first to use the term "plastid" to describe these organelles in plant cells. His work contributed significantly to the understanding of cell biology.

5. **Components of Plastids:**
- Plastids can be classified into three main types:
- **Chloroplasts:** Contain chlorophyll and are responsible for photosynthesis.
- **Chromoplasts:** Contain pigments that give color to fruits and flowers.
- **Leucoplasts:** Colorless plastids involved in the storage of starches, oils, and proteins.

6. **Conclusion:**
- Based on the historical context and the contributions of Ernst Haeckel, the correct answer to the question "The term plastid was given by" is **option 1: Heckel**.

**Final Answer:**
The term plastid was given by Ernst Haeckel.

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