Biosphere is made up of:

Options

A. Living beings and their remains
B. Living being + Lithosphere + Hydrosphere + Atmosphere
C. Living beings + Lithosphere
D. Living organisms + Lithosphere + Hydrosphere.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

1. **Definition of Biosphere**: The biosphere is defined as the part of the Earth that supports life. It encompasses all biological communities and their physical environments.

2. **Components of the Biosphere**: The biosphere includes all living organisms, which can be classified into various groups such as:
- **Plants**: These are multicellular organisms that perform photosynthesis.
- **Animals**: This group includes a vast array of multicellular organisms that consume organic material for energy.
- **Fungi**: These organisms play a crucial role in decomposition and nutrient cycling.
- **Microorganisms**: This includes single-celled prokaryotes like bacteria and single-celled eukaryotes like protozoans.

3. **Physical Environment**: The biosphere is not just about living organisms; it also includes their physical environment, which consists of:
- **Atmosphere**: The layer of gases surrounding the Earth.
- **Lithosphere**: The solid outer part of the Earth, including landforms and soil.
- **Hydrosphere**: All water bodies, including oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater.

4. **Biodiversity**: The biosphere is home to an estimated 3 to 30 million species of living organisms, indicating a rich biodiversity.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the biosphere is made up of living beings (plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms) along with the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

### Final Answer:
The biosphere is made up of living beings along with lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

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