Which one can induce plolyploidy?

Options

A. Colchicine
B. Acridines
C. Ethylene
D. Maleic hydrazide

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Polyploidy**: Polyploidy refers to the condition in which a cell or organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes. It is common in plants and can lead to increased size and vigor.

2. **Identifying Inducers of Polyploidy**: Various substances can induce polyploidy, but we need to identify one that is specifically known for this purpose.

3. **Colchicine as an Inducer**: Colchicine is a chemical compound that is widely recognized for its ability to induce polyploidy in plants. It works by interfering with the normal process of cell division.

4. **Mechanism of Action**: Colchicine inhibits the formation of spindle fibers during mitosis and meiosis by preventing the assembly of microtubules. This inhibition leads to improper chromosome segregation.

5. **Consequences of Colchicine Treatment**: As a result of colchicine treatment, some gametes may end up with double the usual number of chromosomes (diploid instead of haploid). When these gametes fuse, they can produce embryos with a higher chromosome number, leading to polyploidy (e.g., tetraploid).

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the correct answer to the question "Which one can induce polyploidy?" is **Colchicine**.

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