Gene amplification requires -------------besides sample DNA.

Options

A. Nucleotides
B. Nucleotides and polymerases
C. Alternate heating and cooling
D. Both B and C

Answer

To answer the question "Gene amplification requires -------------besides sample DNA," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Gene Amplification**: Gene amplification is a process used to create multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA. This is commonly done using techniques like Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).

2. **Identify the Components Needed**: For gene amplification, besides the sample DNA, we need several key components:
- **Primers**: Short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis.
- **DNA Polymerase**: An enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands. A commonly used polymerase is Taq polymerase, which is heat-stable.
- **Nucleotides**: The building blocks (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) required to create new DNA strands.

3. **Process of Gene Amplification**: The process typically involves three main steps:
- **Denaturation**: Heating the DNA to separate the strands.
- **Annealing**: Cooling the mixture to allow primers to bind to the single-stranded DNA.
- **Extension**: Using DNA polymerase to extend the primers and synthesize new DNA strands.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, besides the sample DNA, gene amplification requires primers, DNA polymerase (like Taq polymerase), and nucleotides.

### Final Answer:
Gene amplification requires **primers, DNA polymerase, and nucleotides** besides sample DNA.