Summerians were the first to practise

Options

A. Natural selection
B. Mutation breeding
C. Artificial selection
D. Assortative mating.

Answer

To answer the question "Sumerians were the first to practice," we need to analyze the options provided and determine which one aligns with the historical practices of the Sumerians.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Natural Selection**:
- Natural selection is a process where organisms adapt to their environment over time. Traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in successive generations.
- Example: Giraffes with longer necks can reach higher leaves, leading to their prevalence.
- **Conclusion**: This process occurs naturally and cannot be practiced by humans. Thus, it is not the correct answer.

2. **Understanding Mutation Breeding**:
- Mutation breeding involves inducing mutations in plants or animals to create desirable traits.
- This process is typically done through radiation or chemicals, leading to genetic changes.
- **Conclusion**: Humans cannot directly control the mutations that occur, making this option incorrect.

3. **Understanding Artificial Selection**:
- Artificial selection, also known as selective breeding, is a human-directed process where individuals with desired traits are chosen to reproduce.
- This method allows humans to influence the traits of future generations by selecting specific parent organisms.
- **Conclusion**: The Sumerians, known for their agricultural advancements, practiced artificial selection to enhance crop and livestock traits.

4. **Understanding Associative Mating**:
- Associative mating refers to the non-random mating of individuals based on certain traits or characteristics.
- While it does involve selection, it is not specifically tied to the historical practices of the Sumerians.
- **Conclusion**: This option does not directly relate to the known practices of the Sumerians.

### Final Answer:
The Sumerians were the first to practice **C) Artificial Selection**.