Somatic hybridisation is achieved through ?

Options

A. Grafting
B. Protoplast fusion
C. conjugation
D. Recombinant DNA techology

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Somatic Hybridization**:
- Somatic hybridization is a process that involves the fusion of somatic cells from two different species. This results in a hybrid that contains genetic material from both parent cells, without the need for sexual reproduction.

2. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: Grafting**: This is a horticultural technique where tissues from one plant are joined with another. It does not involve the fusion of somatic cells from different species, so it is not the correct answer.
- **Option 2: Protoplast Fusion**: This technique involves the fusion of protoplasts (cells with their cell walls removed) from two different plant species. This method allows for the combination of genetic material from both species, making it a suitable method for somatic hybridization.
- **Option 3: Conjugation**: This is a process observed in bacteria where genetic material is transferred between bacterial cells. It does not pertain to plant cells or somatic hybridization.
- **Option 4: Recombinant DNA Technology**: While this involves combining DNA from different sources, it does not specifically refer to the fusion of somatic cells, and thus is not the correct answer for somatic hybridization.

3. **Conclusion**:
- After evaluating all the options, the correct method for achieving somatic hybridization is **protoplast fusion**.

### Final Answer:
Somatic hybridization is achieved through **protoplast fusion**.

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