Tapetal cells show

Options

A. Meiosis
B. Mitosis
C. Endomitosis
D. Endomitosis and endopolyploidy.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Tapetal Cells**: Tapetal cells are located in the innermost layer of the anther wall in flowering plants. They play a crucial role in the development of pollen grains.

2. **Characteristics of Tapetal Cells**: These cells are known for having dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei. Their primary function is to provide nutrients to developing pollen grains.

3. **DNA Content in Tapetal Cells**: The DNA content in tapetal cells increases during meiotic prophase. This increase can be attributed to a process called endomitosis.

4. **What is Endomitosis?**: Endomitosis is a type of mitosis where chromosome duplication occurs without the subsequent separation of chromatids. This results in a doubling of the DNA content within the same nucleus.

5. **Endopolyploidy**: Endomitosis is also referred to as endopolyploidy, which describes the condition where cells have multiple sets of chromosomes due to the repeated cycles of DNA replication without cell division.

6. **Conclusion**: Given the characteristics and processes involved, tapetal cells primarily exhibit endomitosis (or endopolyploidy), which is the correct answer to the question.

**Final Answer**: Tapetal cells show endomitosis and endopolyploidy (Option 4).

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