Exine is differentiated into

Options

A. Foot layer and beculate layer
B. Foot layer, beculate layer, tectum and endexine
C. Ektexine and endexine
D. Both B and C

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Exine**: Exine is the outer layer of the pollen grain wall. It is important to differentiate it from the inner layer, which is called the entine.

2. **Layers of Exine**: The exine is further divided into two main layers:
- **Ectexine**: The outer layer of the exine.
- **Endexine**: The inner layer of the exine.

3. **Components of Ectexine**: The ectexine itself is further differentiated into three specific parts:
- **Tectum**: The uppermost layer that provides structural support.
- **Bacula (Columella)**: The middle layer that consists of rod-like structures.
- **Foot Layer (Pedium)**: The base layer that connects the ectexine to the endexine.

4. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the exine is differentiated into:
- Endexine (inner layer)
- Ectexine (outer layer), which is further differentiated into the foot layer, bacula, and tectum.

5. **Final Answer**: Based on the differentiation of exine, the correct answer to the question is option D: both B (ectexine and endexine) and C (foot layer, baculate layer, and tectum) are correct.

---