Pollination characteristically occurs in

Options

A. Bryophytes and angiosperms
B. Pteridophytes and angiosperms
C. Angiosperms and gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms and fungi.

Answer

To solve the question "Pollination characteristically occurs in," we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Definition of Pollination
Pollination is defined as the transfer of pollen grains from the anthers (male part of the flower) to the stigma (female part of the flower) of either the same flower or a different flower.

**Hint:** Pollination involves the movement of pollen, which is crucial for fertilization in plants.

### Step 2: Identify Types of Pollination
There are two main types of pollination:
- **Self-Pollination:** Pollen from the same flower fertilizes its ovules.
- **Cross-Pollination:** Pollen from one flower fertilizes the ovules of another flower.

**Hint:** Remember the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

### Step 3: Determine Where Pollination Occurs
Pollination primarily occurs in:
- **Angiosperms (flowering plants):** They rely on various agents (like insects, wind, water) for pollination.
- **Gymnosperms:** They also undergo pollination, but their reproductive structures are different from angiosperms.

**Hint:** Focus on the plant groups that have flowers or cones for reproduction.

### Step 4: Eliminate Incorrect Options
- **Bryophytes:** These do not undergo pollination; they rely on water for the transfer of male gametes.
- **Pteridophytes:** Similar to bryophytes, they also do not have characteristic pollination.
- **Fungi:** They do not have a pollination process as they reproduce differently.

**Hint:** Consider the reproductive methods of each group to identify which ones do not involve pollination.

### Step 5: Conclude with the Correct Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is that pollination characteristically occurs in **angiosperms and gymnosperms**.

**Final Answer:** Pollination characteristically occurs in angiosperms and gymnosperms.