Choose the correct statements with reference to organic evolution
(a) Flippers of Whale and wings of bat exhibit analogy
(b) Wings of Butterfly and wings of bat exhibit homolgy
( c ) Organs with dissimilar structure are called analogous organs
(d) Organs with similar structure and origin are called homologous organs.

Options

A. a and c
B. b and d
C. a and b
D. c and d

Answer

To solve the question regarding the correct statements about organic evolution, we will analyze each statement one by one based on our understanding of homologous and analogous organs.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Homologous and Analogous Organs**:
- **Homologous Organs**: These are organs that have a similar structure and origin but may serve different functions. For example, the forelimbs of humans and the wings of bats are homologous because they share a common structural origin but have different functions.
- **Analogous Organs**: These are organs that have different structures and origins but perform similar functions. For example, the wings of birds and insects are analogous because they serve the same function (flying) but have different structural origins.

2. **Analyzing Statement (a)**:
- **Statement**: "Flippers of Whale and wings of bat exhibit analogy."
- **Analysis**: The flippers of a whale and the wings of a bat have a similar origin (both are derived from forelimbs) but serve different functions (swimming vs. flying). Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**; they exhibit homology, not analogy.

3. **Analyzing Statement (b)**:
- **Statement**: "Wings of Butterfly and wings of bat exhibit homology."
- **Analysis**: The wings of butterflies (insects) and wings of bats (mammals) have different origins (invertebrate vs. vertebrate) but serve the same function (flying). Thus, this statement is **incorrect**; they exhibit analogy, not homology.

4. **Analyzing Statement (c)**:
- **Statement**: "Organs with dissimilar structure are called analogous organs."
- **Analysis**: This statement is **correct**. Organs that have different structures but perform similar functions are indeed called analogous organs.

5. **Analyzing Statement (d)**:
- **Statement**: "Organs with similar structure and origin are called homologous organs."
- **Analysis**: This statement is also **correct**. Organs that share a similar structure and origin are classified as homologous organs.

### Conclusion:
Based on the analysis:
- **Correct Statements**: (c) and (d)
- **Incorrect Statements**: (a) and (b)

### Final Answer:
The correct statements with reference to organic evolution are:
- (c) Organs with dissimilar structure are called analogous organs.
- (d) Organs with similar structure and origin are called homologous organs.