New approach to conservation is the establishment of
Or
What is most effective way to conserve plant diversity of an area

Options

A. tissue culture
B. botanical gardens
C. seed banks
D. Biosphere reserves

Answer

To answer the question regarding the new approach to conservation and the most effective way to conserve plant diversity in an area, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Concepts**:
- **Biodiversity**: Refers to the variety of plant and animal species in a given area.
- **Conservation**: The practice of protecting and preserving biodiversity.

2. **Types of Conservation**:
- **Ex-situ Conservation**: Involves taking species out of their natural habitat to protect them. Examples include:
- **Seed Banks**: Facilities that store seeds to preserve genetic diversity.
- **Botanical Gardens**: Gardens where a variety of plants are cultivated for conservation and education.
- **Tissue Culture**: A method of growing plants in a controlled environment from a small tissue sample.
- **In-situ Conservation**: Involves protecting species in their natural habitats. Examples include:
- **Biosphere Reserves**: Protected areas that aim to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use of natural resources.
- **National Parks and Sanctuaries**: Areas designated to protect wildlife and their habitats.

3. **Evaluate the Options**:
- **Tissue Culture**: An ex-situ method, useful but not the most effective for overall biodiversity.
- **Botanical Gardens**: Also ex-situ, they serve educational purposes but may not maintain complete ecosystem functionality.
- **Seed Banks**: Important for genetic preservation but do not support the ecosystem directly.
- **Biosphere Reserves**: In-situ conservation method that maintains ecosystems and biodiversity in their natural settings.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Among the options provided, the most effective way to conserve plant diversity in an area is through **Biosphere Reserves**. They allow for the conservation of species in their natural habitats, promoting both biodiversity and ecosystem health.

### Final Answer:
The most effective way to conserve plant diversity of an area is the establishment of **Biosphere Reserves**.

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