Which genes are involved in the conversion of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes

Options

A. Metastasis
B. Angiogenesis
C. Tumour supperssor genes
D. Transposons.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Proto-oncogenes and Oncogenes**:
- Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that can become oncogenes due to mutations or increased expression. Oncogenes are mutated forms of proto-oncogenes that can promote uncontrolled cell growth, leading to cancer.

2. **Role of Tumor Suppressor Genes**:
- Tumor suppressor genes, also known as anti-oncogenes, are crucial in regulating cell division and preventing tumor formation. They help protect cells from becoming cancerous.

3. **Mutation of Tumor Suppressor Genes**:
- When tumor suppressor genes undergo mutations, their function is reduced or lost. This loss of function can lead to the progression of cells towards cancer.

4. **Conversion Process**:
- The conversion of proto-oncogenes to oncogenes can occur when tumor suppressor genes are mutated. This allows proto-oncogenes to become active and promote cancerous growth.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the genes involved in the conversion of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes are primarily the tumor suppressor genes. Their mutation plays a significant role in the development of cancer.