Modes of controlling pollution in large cities includes:

Options

A. cleanliness and less use of insecticides
B. proper dsposal of organic wastes, sewage and industrial effluents
C. broader roads and shifting of factories
D. All the above

Answer

To tackle the question regarding the modes of controlling pollution in large cities, we can break down the options provided and analyze each one systematically.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Pollution Types**:
- Pollution can manifest in various forms such as air, water, soil, and noise pollution. In large cities, air pollution is often the most pressing concern due to high population density and industrial activities.

2. **Option A: Cleanliness and Less Use of Insecticides**:
- Maintaining cleanliness in urban areas is crucial for controlling pollution. Reducing the use of insecticides can significantly lower both air and soil pollution.
- Organic farming methods can replace synthetic insecticides with biocontrol agents, which are less harmful to the environment.

3. **Option B: Proper Disposal of Organic Waste, Sewage, and Industrial Effluents**:
- Proper disposal of waste is essential in large cities where the population and industrial activities are concentrated.
- Organic waste, sewage, and industrial effluents must be treated and disposed of correctly to prevent contamination of local water bodies and soil.

4. **Option C: Broader Roads and Shifting of Factories**:
- Broader roads can help reduce traffic congestion, which in turn can lower air pollution levels.
- Shifting factories away from residential areas minimizes the exposure of urban populations to industrial pollutants.

5. **Conclusion: All of the Above**:
- Each of the options presented contributes to pollution control in large cities. Therefore, the correct answer is **"All of the above"** as they collectively represent effective modes of controlling pollution.

### Final Answer:
**All of the above**.

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