Spermatogenesis involves

Options

A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Both A and B
D. Metamorphosis.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Spermatogenesis**:
- Spermatogenesis is the biological process through which sperm cells (spermatozoa) are produced in the male reproductive system, specifically in the testes.

2. **Initial Cell Type**:
- The process begins with spermatogonia, which are the stem cells located in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.

3. **Mitosis**:
- Spermatogonia undergo mitosis, a type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. This process increases the number of spermatogonia.

4. **Formation of Primary Spermatocytes**:
- After mitosis, some of the spermatogonia differentiate into primary spermatocytes. These are diploid cells (2n) that will undergo meiosis.

5. **Meiosis I**:
- Each primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis I, which is a reduction division that halves the chromosome number. This results in two secondary spermatocytes, which are haploid (n).

6. **Meiosis II**:
- Each secondary spermatocyte then undergoes meiosis II, which is similar to mitosis. This division results in a total of four haploid spermatozoa (sperm cells) from one primary spermatocyte.

7. **Maturation**:
- The spermatozoa undergo further modifications and maturation processes to become fully functional sperm.

8. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, spermatogenesis involves both mitosis (for the initial increase of spermatogonia) and meiosis (for the formation of haploid spermatozoa). Thus, the correct answer is option 3: both A and B.

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