Suppose that a useful diseases resistance gene has been identified by you in a bacterium . How would you transfer this gene into the plant?

E. coli hygromycin resistance gene is used in ________

What measure would you take to prevent waterborne disease?

Name the following : GM crops in which pest resistant genes have been introduced.

A circuit containing a 80 mH inductor and a 60 mu F capacitor in series is connected to a 230 V, 50 Hz supply. The resistance of the circuit is negligible. Suppose the circuit in above question has a resistance of 15 Omega . Obtain the average power transferred to each element of the circuit and the total power absorbed.

How will you identify a thoracic vertebra?

Diseases in humans can be prevented by administration of vaccines. Vaccines contain inactivated, killed / weakened pathogens that can be used as antigens to provide either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Conventional methods of vaccine preparation include the use of completely or partially killed pathogens. These vaccines however posed a risk of causing disease in case of some persons. Biotechnological techniques provide alternative antigenic genes isolated in the laboratory that can be used to make pure forms of proteins that can be used as antigens to activate the immune system. Recent developments in this field include production of edible vaccines like transgenic potatoes. Consumption of raw potatoes is speculated to develop immunity against the pathogen. These edible vaccines are produced by inserting genes isolated from specific pathogens to produce the antigen in the plants. Based on the given paragraph answer the following questions. i) How can people immunized with vaccines containing semi-killed pathogens have a risk of contracting a disease?

Diseases in humans can be prevented by administration of vaccines. Vaccines contain inactivated, killed / weakened pathogens that can be used as antigens to provide either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Conventional methods of vaccine preparation include the use of completely or partially killed pathogens. These vaccines however posed a risk of causing disease in case of some persons. Biotechnological techniques provide alternative antigenic genes isolated in the laboratory that can be used to make pure forms of proteins that can be used as antigens to activate the immune system. Recent developments in this field include production of edible vaccines like transgenic potatoes. Consumption of raw potatoes is speculated to develop immunity against the pathogen. These edible vaccines are produced by inserting genes isolated from specific pathogens to produce the antigen in the plants. Based on the given paragraph answer the following questions. How does the immune system react on administration of vaccines?

A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance of 25Omega and goes a full scale deflection for a current of 10mA. How will you convert it into voltmeter having a range of 0.100V?

Diseases in humans can be prevented by administration of vaccines. Vaccines contain inactivated, killed / weakened pathogens that can be used as antigens to provide either permanent or temporary immunity against a specific pathogen or disease. Conventional methods of vaccine preparation include the use of completely or partially killed pathogens. These vaccines however posed a risk of causing disease in case of some persons. Biotechnological techniques provide alternative antigenic genes isolated in the laboratory that can be used to make pure forms of proteins that can be used as antigens to activate the immune system. Recent developments in this field include production of edible vaccines like transgenic potatoes. Consumption of raw potatoes is speculated to develop immunity against the pathogen. These edible vaccines are produced by inserting genes isolated from specific pathogens to produce the antigen in the plants. Based on the given paragraph answer the following questions. Why are vaccines produced using biotechnology safer than conventional vaccines?

A galvanometer with a coil of resistance 40 ohm gives a full scale deflection for a current of 5 mA. How will you convert it into an ammeter of range 0-5 A ?